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States that allow firearms in sensitive or dangerous places are needlessly endangering the lives of their residents.

Prohibiting the open and concealed carrying of guns in locations such as bars and childcare facilities is a critical step towards saving lives from gun violence. The gun lobby’s efforts to allow guns in more and more places where groups of people gather is a critical threat to public safety.

Background

All states place at least some restrictions on who, how, and where people can carry guns in public. While many states use a licensing process to address who can carry concealed, and in some cases, openly visible guns, all states restrict to varying degrees where licensed and unlicensed individuals may carry firearms.

Typically, states prohibit guns completely or partially in places where the presence of guns is particularly dangerous, such as where people consume alcohol, where tensions can flare, such as at sporting events or airports, or where there is a high danger that the presence of guns might chill First Amendment rights, such as at polling places and legislative buildings.

The gun lobby has claimed that “gun-free zones” invite mass shootings, but this claim has been thoroughly debunked. Since 1966, the overwhelming majority—nearly 90%—of all mass shootings resulting in six or more deaths have occurred wholly or partly in locations where civilian guns were allowed or there was armed security or law enforcement present.1

Though many of the areas where states prohibit gun possession are public or government-owned property, some of the sensitive areas described above are private property open to the public. When guns are not particularly or unusually dangerous on private property, states generally allow owners to make decisions about whether or not to allow guns on their property. In recent years, however, state legislatures that are friendly to the gun lobby have begun chipping away at private property owners’ right to prohibit guns on their properties.

Summary of Federal Law

Federal law restricts gun possession on certain types of federal property and near schools, though this is subject to several exceptions:

Federal Facilities: Generally, federal law prohibits a person from knowingly possessing or attempting to possess a firearm in a federal facility, which is defined as “a building or part thereof owned or leased by the Federal Government, where Federal employees are regularly present for the purpose of performing their official duties.”2

Post Offices: Firearms are prohibited on postal property, including parking lots, whether carried openly or concealed.3

Airports and Airplanes: Firearms are prohibited in “sterile areas” of airports, which are those portions of an airport that provide passengers access to boarding aircraft and to which the access generally is controlled by Transportation Security Administration, or by an aircraft operator, through the screening of persons and property.4 Firearms are generally prohibited on airplanes except when an individual is transporting a weapon (except a loaded firearm) in baggage not accessible to a passenger in flight and the air carrier was informed of the presence of the weapon.5

Capitol Building: Federal law prohibits firearms in the federal Capitol building except as authorized by regulations prescribed by the Capitol Police Board.6

K—12 Schools: The Gun-Free School Zones Act (GFSZA) prohibits any person from knowingly possessing a firearm at a place the individual knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, is a “school zone.”7 A school zone is defined as in, or on the grounds of, or within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of, a public, parochial or private school that provides elementary or secondary education.8 However, individuals with state-issued concealed carry permits are not prohibited by the GFSZA from possessing a gun in a school zone. For a more complete discussion of the GFSZA, visit our Guns in Schools Policy Page.9

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Where guns may not be prohibited

In 1983, President Ronald Reagan’s administration implemented regulations that prohibited guns in national parks and national wildlife refuges unless they were packed or kept in a manner that would prevent their ready use, such as being stored in a locked car trunk.10 Reversing that decision in 2008, Oklahoma Senator Tom Coburn inserted an amendment into the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act that prevents the secretary of the interior from making or enforcing any laws that would restrict or prevent the carrying of firearms in national parks or wildlife refuges.

Today, any person may possess, carry, and transport concealed, loaded, and operable firearms within a national park or national wildlife refuge in accordance with the laws of the state in which the park or refuge is located.11

Summary of State Law

All states prohibit the concealed or open carry of handguns or long guns in at least some areas. In many cases, a prohibition on guns in a particular location will apply to guns carried openly or concealed, regardless of whether an individual has a concealed carry permit (CCW). However, some states leave loopholes in which openly carried guns are permissible where concealed guns are not.

Government Buildings & Meetings

Some or all guns are off-limits in the following categories of government buildings and meetings in the listed states. It should be noted that there is significant overlap in the locations covered by different tables, and many inquiries about a state’s laws may require consulting several tables.

For example, if a state wants to restrict carrying firearms at meetings of the state legislature, it can make the restriction specific to meetings of the state legislature, restrict carry in the State Capitol, or restrict carry in all government buildings. A state that prohibits carry in all government buildings is unlikely to have laws specifically restricting carry in the State Capitol or in meetings of the legislature because they would be redundant, so that state would not appear in the “Meetings of the State Legislature” table, even though the state does have a law restricting carry in that situation.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Airports
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Arkansas12Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
California13Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)14
Connecticut15No statue prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)16
District of Columbia17No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)18
Florida19Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)20
Georgia21Prohibited beyond security checkpoint
Prohibited beyond security checkpoint
Hawaii22Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois23Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)24
Michigan25Prohibited (passenger terminals only)
Prohibited
Montana26Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nevada27Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New Jersey28Prohibited
Prohibited
New York29Prohibited
Prohibited (handgun only)30
Oregon31Prohibited32
Prohibited
Virginia33Prohibited
Prohibited
As noted above, federal law prohibits firearms in sterile areas of airports. These states go above and beyond federal law by prohibiting firearms in general access areas as well.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Courthouses and Courtrooms
State Concealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama34Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas
(Courtrooms only)35
Prohibited
Prohibited
Alaska36Prohibited
Prohibited
California37Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)38
Connecticut39No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)40
District of Columbia41No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)42
Florida43Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)44
Georgia45Prohibited
Prohibited
Hawaii46Prohibited
Prohibited
Idaho47Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Illinois48Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)49
Kansas50Allowed51
Prohibited
Kentucky52Prohibited (certain areas only)53
No statute prohibiting
Louisiana54Prohibited
(Judges exempt within their own courtroom)
No statute prohibiting
Maine55Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan56Allowed
Prohibited
Minnesota57Allowed
(Must notify sheriff of intention to carry)
Prohibited
Mississippi58Prohibited
(Subject to certain exceptions for judges and CCW permittees)59
No statute prohibiting.
Missouri60Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Montana61Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New Hampshire62Prohibited
Prohibited
New Jersey63Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico64Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nebraska65Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nevada66Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New York67Prohibited
Prohibited
North Carolina68Prohibited
Prohibited
(State courthouses)
Ohio69Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma70Prohibited
Prohibited
Oregon71Allowed
Prohibited
Pennsylvania72Prohibited
Prohibited
South Carolina73Prohibited (Long guns allowed)74
Allowed
(Long guns only)75
South Dakota (County courthouses only)76Prohibited
Prohibited
Tennessee77
(Only while proceedings are in progress)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas78Prohibited
Prohibited
Vermont79Prohibited
Prohibited
Virginia80Prohibited
Prohibited
Washington81Prohibited
Prohibited
West Virginia82Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin83Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming (Courtrooms only)84Prohibited
Prohibited
See the ‘Government-Owned Buildings’ table for states that may also prohibit guns in courthouses but do not specifically prohibit guns in courthouses.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Government-Owned Buildings
State Concealed Carry
Open Carry
California85No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)86No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia87No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida88No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii89Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois90Prohibited
Prohibited
Kansas91
(Only buildings with security screenings)
Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Maryland92Prohibited
Prohibited
New Jersey93Prohibited
Prohibited
Nevada94Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New York95Prohibited
Prohibited
North Dakota96
(Does not apply to public rest areas or restrooms)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio97
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Oklahoma98
(Only government buildings used to conduct business with the public)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Oregon99Allowed
(CCW permittees only)
No statute prohibiting
(CCW permittees only)
South Carolina100Prohibited
Prohibited
Virginia101Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin102No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
Laws that prohibit guns in government-owned buildings apply broadly to other specific categories of government property, such as courthouses, meetings of the state legislature, local government meetings, law enforcement offices, and the state capitol and state offices.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Law Enforcement Stations or Offices
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama103Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas104Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees may be allowed)
Prohibited
California105Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)106No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia107No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida108Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)109
Hawaii110Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois111See “government owned buildings”
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Kentucky112Prohibited
Allowed
Louisiana113Prohibited
Allowed
Michigan114Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri115Prohibited
Allowed
North Carolina116Prohibited
Allowed
Nebraska117Prohibited
Allowed
Nevada118Prohibited
Allowed
New York119Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio120Prohibited
Allowed
South Carolina121Prohibited
Allowed
(Long guns only)
Washington122 (Restricted access areas)Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin123Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming 124Prohibited
Allowed
See the ‘Government-Owned Buildings’ table for states that may also prohibit guns in law enforcement stations but do not specifically prohibit guns in law enforcement stations.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Local Government Meetings
State Concealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama125Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas126Prohibited (Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting.
California127Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut128No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia129No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida130Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)131
Hawaii132Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois133See “government owned buildings”
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Kentucky134Prohibited
(Members of meeting body are exempt)
No statute prohibiting.
Missouri135Prohibited
(Members of meeting body are exempt)
No statute prohibiting.
Nebraska136Prohibited
No statute prohibiting.
New York137Prohibited
Prohibited
South Carolina138Prohibited
No statute prohibiting.
(Long guns only)
Texas139Prohibited
in open meetings if ‘effective notice’ is provided
Prohibited
in open meetings if ‘effective notice’ is provided
Wyoming140Prohibited
No statute prohibiting.
See the ‘Government-Owned Buildings’ table for states that may also prohibit guns in local government buildings but do not specifically prohibit guns in local government meetings.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Meetings of the State Legislature
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California141Prohibited
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)142No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia143No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida144Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
145
Hawaii146Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois147See “government owned buildings”
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Kentucky148Prohibited
(Legislators are exempt)
No statute prohibiting
Mississippi149Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
Missouri150Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nebraska151Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New York152Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas153Prohibited
in open meetings if ‘effective notice’ is provided
Prohibited
in open meetings if ‘effective notice’ is provided
Washington154No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
Wyoming155Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
See the ‘Government-Owned Buildings’ and the ‘State Capitol’ tables for states that may also prohibit guns in government buildings but do not specifically prohibit guns in meetings of the state legislature.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Public Transit
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California156
(Sterile areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Colorado157
(Facilities only)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)158No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia159
(Vehicles only)
Prohibited
Prohibited160
Florida161No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii162Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois163No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
New York164Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in the State Capitol / State House / State Offices
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama165
(State House)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas166
(State Capitol)
Prohibited for loaded firearms only.
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
Prohibited for loaded firearms only.
California167
(State Capitol)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Colorado168
(General assembly buildings)
Allowed
Prohibited
Connecticut169Prohibited
Prohibited
District of Columbia170
(US Capitol buildings. District of Columbia government buildings)
Prohibited
Prohibited171
Florida172No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii173Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois174See “government owned buildings”
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Iowa175
(State Capitol)
Allowed (no permit required)
Prohibited
Minnesota176
(State Capitol)
Allowed
(Must provide notice of intention to carry to sheriff)
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
Louisiana177
(State Capitol)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi178
(Meeting place of the legislature)
Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees can carry)
No statute prohibiting
Missouri (State-owned buildings)179Prohibited (People with CCW permits can carry)
No statute prohibiting
Montana 180
(State offices)
Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
North Carolina 181
(State Capitol. State and federal offices)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Nevada 182
(Legislative building)
Prohibited
Prohibited
New York183Prohibited
Prohibited
Oregon184Prohibited (CCW permittees are only prohibited in the State Capitol building but may carry in other state buildings)
Prohibited (CCW permittees are only prohibited in the State Capitol building but may carry in other state buildings)
South Carolina 185Prohibited
Prohibited
South Dakota 186Prohibited (Enhanced CCW permittees who provide notice are allowed)
Prohibited
Virginia187
(State Capitol building, and the Capitol Square and the surrounding area)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Washington188No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
West Virginia 189Prohibited
Prohibited
See the ‘Government-Owned Buildings’ table for states that may also prohibit guns in these state buildings but do not specifically prohibit guns in specific state buildings.

Government-Owned Land

In addition to prohibiting guns in government buildings, many states also restrict carry on government-owned land, like parks and wildlife preserves.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Public Parks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California190Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)191No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia192No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida193No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii194Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois195No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
New JerseyProhibited
Prohibited
New York196Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma197No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
Rhode Island198No relevant statute.
Loaded rifles and shotguns, on public trails only are prohibited, except while legally hunting.
States that Prohibit Firearms in State Parks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California199
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)200No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia201No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida202No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii203Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois204No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Maine205Allowed
Prohibited
Minnesota206
(Firearms are allowed for permitted hunting. See footnote for more details)
Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico207
(Loaded firearms. See footnote for exceptions)
Allowed
(CCW permittees only)
Allowed
(Unloaded firearms only)
New York208 (Firearms are allowed for permitted hunting)Prohibited
Prohibited
Pennsylvania209Prohibited (Exceptions for hunting and keeping a firearm at a leased campsite, among others)
Prohibited (Exceptions for hunting and keeping a firearm at a leased campsite, among others)
Rhode Island210No relevant statute.
Loaded rifles and shotguns, on public trails only are prohibited, except while legally hunting.
Tennessee211Allowed
Likely Prohibited
Virginia212Allowed
Likely Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in State Wildlife Management Areas / Wildlife Preserves or Refuges
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama213
(People with permits to carry in parks are allowed)
Prohibited
Prohibited
California214Prohibited
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)215No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia216No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida217No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Illinois218No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Minnesota219
(Firearms are allowed for permitted hunting. See footnote for more details)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Montana220Prohibited
Prohibited
Nebraska221
(Firearms allowed for specially permitted hunting)
Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico222
(Firearms are allowed with a permit issued by the agency director)
Prohibited
Prohibited
North Dakota223Prohibited
Prohibited
Tennessee224
(Firearms are allowed during hunting season)
Allowed
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
Vermont225Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin226
(Firearms stored unloaded and encased are allowed)
Allowed
Prohibited

Private Property Open to the Public

Many states restrict carrying firearms in certain types of private property where conflict may be likely, such as bars, or in places like banks, houses of worship, or polling places where firearms may raise additional concerns. Three states restrict carry in banks. Twenty-seven states and the District of Columbia restrict carrying firearms in at least some establishments that serve alcohol. Fourteen states and DC restrict the carry of firearms in houses of worship. Fifteen states and DC place at least some restrictions on carrying firearms at polling places.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Banks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California227No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)228No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia229No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida230No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii231Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois232No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Michigan233Allowed
Prohibited
Nebraska234Prohibited
Allowed
States that Prohibit Firearms in Bars or Restaurants Serving Alcohol
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alaska235Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas236Allowed*
Allowed
Arizona237
(See our page Other Location Restrictions in Arizona for more information)
May be allowed
Prohibited
California238No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)239No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia240Prohibited
Prohibited241
Florida242Prohibited
Prohibited243
Hawaii244Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois245No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Maryland246Prohibited
Prohibited
Kentucky247
(Loaded firearms. See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Louisiana248
(See footnote for more detail)
Allowed*
Prohibited
Maine249
Allowed (unless notice is posted)
Prohibited
Michigan250Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi251
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
Missouri252
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
Montana253Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey254Prohibited
Prohibited
New Mexico255Allowed*
Prohibited
New York256Prohibited
Prohibited
Nebraska 257
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
North Carolina258
(See footnote for more detail)
Allowed
Prohibited
North Dakota259
(Areas off-limits to people under 21)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio260Allowed (so long as the person is not consuming beer or intoxicating liquor or under the influence of alcohol or a drug of abuse)
Allowed (so long as the person is not consuming beer or intoxicating liquor or under the influence of alcohol or a drug of abuse)
Oklahoma261
(See footnote for more detail)
Allowed*
Allowed*
South Carolina262Allowed
Allowed
South Dakota263
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas264
Allowed*
Allowed*
Virginia265Allowed
Allowed
Washington266
(Places off-limit to people under 21)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin267Allowed
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
Wyoming268
(See footnote for more detail)
Prohibited
Allowed
In states with an *, firearms are allowed in certain restaurants but not in bars.
Many of these states exempt CCW permittees from the ban on carrying firearms in bars and restaurants. Generally, however, these states also prohibit a person carrying a firearm from consuming alcohol while carrying.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Places of Worship
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Arkansas269Prohibited (Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
California270No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)271No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia272Prohibited
Prohibited273
Florida274No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Georgia275Prohibited (unless the governing body or authority of the place of worship permits lawful weapons carriers to carry firearms on their premises)
Prohibited (unless the governing body or authority of the place of worship permits lawful weapons carriers to carry firearms on their premises)
Illinois276No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Louisiana277Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Michigan278Prohibited
Prohibited (CCW permittees may be allowed)
Mississippi279Prohibited (Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
Missouri280Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
North Dakota281Prohibited (Without approval from place of worship)
Prohibited (Without approval from place of worship)
Nebraska282
(Security personnel are allowed)
Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New York283Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio284Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
South Carolina285Prohibited
Allowed (Long guns only)
Utah286Allowed (Unless there is effective notice of prohibition)
No statute prohibiting
(Unless there is effective notice of prohibition)
Virginia287
(See footnote for further discussion)
Allowed*
Allowed*
Although these states prohibit firearms in houses of worship, some allow the governing body of the institution to grant general or specific permission to individuals to carry on its property.
States that Prohibit Firearms in Polling Places
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Arizona288Prohibited
Prohibited
California289Prohibited
Prohibited
Colorado290Allowed
Prohibited
Connecticut291No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (all open carry prohibited generally as of Oct. 1, 2023)
Delaware292Prohibited
Prohibited
District of Columbia293Prohibited
Prohibited294
Florida295Prohibited
Prohibited296
Georgia297Prohibited
Prohibited
Hawaii298Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois299Allowed
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Louisiana300Prohibited
Prohibited
Maryland301Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri302Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nebraska303Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New Jersey304Prohibited
Prohibited
New York305Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio306Prohibited (only for poll observers)
Prohibited
(only for poll observers)
South Carolina307Prohibited
Concealable handguns are prohibited. No statute prohibiting long guns.
Texas308Prohibited
Prohibited
Virginia309Prohibited
Prohibited
Washington310Allowed (CCW permittees are explicitly exempt)
Prohibited
Additional restrictions may apply to polling places held in school buildings. See our page on Guns in Schools for possible additional restrictions. See also the ‘Government Buildings and Meetings’ section above for possible additional restrictions.

Healthcare and Childcare Facilities

The carrying of firearms is prohibited in K-12 schools in most states across the country, many states have gone further and prohibited carrying firearms in other areas where children are frequently present. Ten states and DC prohibit carrying firearms in at least some childcare facilities.

States have also taken steps to restrict the carry of firearms in healthcare facilities to ensure the safety of patients and caregivers. Eleven states restrict carry in all hospitals, and fourteen states restrict carry in at least some facilities providing mental health care.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Day Care and Childcare Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alaska311
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Prohibited
California312No statute prohibiting
Prohibited
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)313No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia314Prohibited
Prohibited315
Florida316No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii317Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois318No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Kentucky319Prohibited
Allowed
Michigan320Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri321
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Allowed
Nevada322
(See footnote for exceptions)
Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey323Prohibited
Prohibited
New York324Prohibited
Prohibited
South Carolina325Prohibited
Allowed326
(Long guns only)
Virginia327Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Residential Childcare Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California328Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)329No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia330No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida331No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii (Unless the facility is a residence providing education to the members of one family)332Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois333No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Indiana334Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan335Prohibited
Allowed
New York336Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Hospitals
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California337Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)338No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia339No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida340No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii341Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois342
(Includes nursing homes)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan343Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri344Prohibited
Allowed
Montana345Prohibited
Allowed
Nebraska346Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey347Prohibited
Prohibited
New York348Prohibited
Prohibited
Oregon349Allowed
Prohibited
(CCW permittees may be allowed)
South Carolina350Prohibited
Allowed
(Long guns only)
Texas351Prohibited
(Unless with written authorization from hospital admin.)
Prohibited
(Unless with written authorization from hospital admin.)
Vermont 352Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Mental Health Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama353
(Inpatient facilities)
Prohibited
Prohibited
California354
No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)355
No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia356
No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida357Prohibited
Prohibited358
Georgia359
(State facilities that admit individuals involuntarily)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Hawaii360Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois361Prohibited
Prohibited
Minnesota362
(Certain state mental health hospitals)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi363
(Certain state mental health hospitals)
Prohibited
Prohibited
New Jersey364Prohibited
Prohibited
New York365Prohibited
Prohibited
Ohio366Prohibited
Allowed
Utah367
(Secure areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas368Prohibited
Prohibited
Washington369
(Secure areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Wisconsin370
(Secure areas)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming371
(Certain state mental health hospitals)
Prohibited
Prohibited

Entertainment Facilities and other large gatherings

Despite the rhetoric of the gun lobby, guns in public make people more likely to be shot. In large gatherings of people, especially when emotions and tensions flare, the risk of violence increases when people are armed. A 2021 study found that demonstrations involving at least one armed individual tend to be violent or destructive 16% of the time and armed demonstrations are nearly six times as likely to turn violent or destructive compared to unarmed demonstrations. The study also found that armed protests account for less than 2% of the total number of demonstrations in the US, yet they account for 10% of all violent or destructive demonstrations.372 Similarly, in amusement parks, sports venues, and other areas where large numbers of people congregate and emotions tend to run high, the presence of guns poses great risks.

Many states have taken steps to protect their residents by restricting the carry of firearms in these areas. Four states restrict carry in amusement parks. Fourteen states and DC restrict the carrying of firearms in athletic events, stadiums or arenas. Seven states restrict carry in areas where gambling is taking place. Eleven states and DC restrict at least some forms of firearm carry at demonstrations and protests.

States that Prohibit Firearms in Amusement Parks
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California373Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)374No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia375No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida376No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii377Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Illinois378Prohibited
Prohibited
Maryland379Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri380Prohibited
Allowed
New York381Prohibited
Prohibited
Texas382Prohibited
Prohibited
States that Prohibit Firearms in Athletic Events / Stadiums or Arenas
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama383Allowed
Prohibited
Arkansas384Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
California385Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)386No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia387Prohibited
Prohibited388
Florida389Prohibited
Prohibited390
Hawaii391Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois392
(Public events where admission is charged)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Maryland393Prohibited
Prohibited
Michigan394Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi395Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
Missouri396Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Nebraska397Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
New Jersey398Prohibited
Prohibited
New York399Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma400
(Firearms prohibited in any publicly owned or operated arena or venue during a professional sporting event, unless allowed by the event holder)
Prohibited (without permission)
Prohibited (without permission)
South Carolina401
(School or college athletic events)
Prohibited
No statute prohibiting402
(Long guns only)
Texas403Prohibited
Prohibited
Wyoming 404Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
States that Prohibit Firearms in Bingo Halls and Gambling Facilities
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
California405Prohibited
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)406No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia407No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Florida408No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Illinois409Prohibited
Prohibited
Indiana410Prohibited
Prohibited
Maryland411 (Racetracks and video lotteries.)Prohibited
Prohibited
Missouri412
(Riverboat gambling)
Prohibited
Allowed
New Jersey413Prohibited
Prohibited
New York414Prohibited
Prohibited
North Dakota415
(Bingo halls)
Prohibited
Prohibited
Oklahoma416
(Firearms allowed only with permission of owner)
Prohibited (without permission)
Prohibited (without permission)
States that Prohibit Firearms at Demonstrations, Protests, or Licensed Public Gatherings
StateConcealed Carry
Open Carry
Alabama417Prohibited
Prohibited
Arkansas418
(Applies only to participants in permitted demonstrations)
Prohibited (Enhanced CCW permittees are allowed)
No statute prohibiting
California419No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Connecticut (Effective Oct. 1, 2023)420No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
District of Columbia421Prohibited
Prohibited422
Florida423No statute prohibiting
Prohibited (open carry banned generally)
Hawaii424Prohibited
Prohibited
Illinois425Prohibited
Prohibited
Louisiana426
(Permitted demonstrations or parades)
Prohibited
No statute prohibiting
Maryland427Prohibited
Prohibited
Mississippi428
(Permitted demonstrations or parades)
Prohibited
(Enhanced CCW permittees can carry)
No statute prohibiting
Nebraska429Prohibited (at “political rallies” and fundraisers)
No statute prohibiting
New Jersey430Prohibited
Prohibited
New York431Prohibited
Prohibited
North Carolina432Prohibited
Prohibited
Washington433Allowed
Prohibited

Outdoor Music Festivals

Washington prohibits concealed and open carry at outdoor music festivals.434 Hawaii prohibits all firearm carry at any special event open to the public for which a permit must be obtained provided that there are signs clearly and conspicuously posted at visible places along the perimeter of the public event.435

Private Property

Recognizing the sanctity of private property rights in the American legal system, state and local governments generally give private property owners the ability to determine whether guns are allowed on their personal and commercial properties.

In recognition of this right, the following states have passed explicit laws prohibiting guns on privately owned property without express authorization by the owner, manager, or lessee of the property that guns are permitted:

Some states, however, have begun chipping away at the rights of owners to exclude guns from their properties if the properties are commercial or open to the public. States have encroached on private property rights by either requiring property owners to allow employees or customers to store their firearms in cars parked on the owner’s parking lot, or by immunizing property owners from liability for acts committed with firearms on their properties only if the owner allows firearms.

New York and Maryland, by contrast, have emphasized the rights of private property owners by prohibiting the carrying of guns onto private property unless a sign has been posted permitting firearms, or such permission has otherwise been communicated.439

Parking Lots

In addition to requiring private property owners to allow employees or customers to store guns in their vehicles in the owner’s parking lots, many of the states listed below also require private property owners who wish to exclude guns from their properties to post notice of the exclusion according to specifications.440

States that Require Property Owners to Allow the Storage of Guns in Cars in their Parking Lots
StateEveryone can store guns in vehicles in parking lotsPeople with concealed carry permits can store guns in vehicles in parking lots
Employees can store guns in vehicles in parking lots
Alabama441
Yes
Alaska442Yes
Arizona443Yes
Arkansas444Yes
Yes
Florida445Yes
Georgia446
Yes
Illinois447Yes
Indiana448
Yes
Kansas449
Yes
Kentucky450Yes
Louisiana451Yes (with some exceptions)
Maine452
Only those with CCW permits
Minnesota453Yes
Mississippi454Yes (does not apply in parking lots with restricted access)
Missouri455
State employees only
Nebraska456Yes
North Carolina457Yes
North Dakota458Yes
Ohio459Yes
Oklahoma460Yes
Tennessee461YesYes
Yes
Texas462
Yes
Utah463Yes
Virginia464
Localities cannot prohibit employees from storing firearms in vehicles.
West Virginia465Yes
Wisconsin466Yes

Civil Liability Immunity as an Incentive to Allow Guns

In order to incentivize property owners to allow guns, some states have passed laws immunizing property owners from liability for any harms resulting from guns being allowed on their property.

  • Arkansas (Immunizes property owners from civil liability for harms that result from allowing firearms on their property. Effective August 2023.)467
  • Idaho (Employers who allow firearms in vehicles are immune)468
  • Kansas (A property owner who allows concealed handguns or provides adequate signage and security to prevent the unauthorized carrying of concealed handguns is immune from liability for any wrongful act or omission relating to the use of such handguns)469
  • Oklahoma470
  • Tennessee471
  • Texas472

Key Legislative Elements

  • The features listed below are intended to provide a framework from which policy options may be considered. A jurisdiction considering new legislation should consult with counsel.
  • All individuals are prohibited from carrying firearms in areas where the presence of guns is particularly dangerous or likely to have the effect of chilling free expression and free speech, such as in polling places, hospitals, government meetings, and courthouses.
  • Resist the expansion of, or repeal, laws that require property owners to allow guns on privately-owned properties or that waive civil liability for property owners as an incentive to allow guns on private property.

  1. Louis Klarevas, Rampage Nation: Securing America from Mass Shootings (Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books, 2016).[]
  2. 18 USC § 930(a), (g)(1). The prohibition does not extend to “the lawful carrying of firearms or other dangerous weapons in a Federal facility incident to hunting or other lawful purposes.” § 930(d); see alsohttps://www.dhs.gov/faq-regarding-items-prohibited-federal-property.[]
  3. 39 CFR § 232.1; Bonidy v. United States Postal Serv., 790 F.3d 1121.[]
  4. 49 CFR §§ 1540.111, 1540.5.[]
  5. 49 USC § 46505.[]
  6. 40 USC § 5104(e)(1)(A).[]
  7. 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)(2)(A).[]
  8. 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(25)-(26).[]
  9. 18 U.S.C. § 922(q)(2)(A).[]
  10. 48 Fed. Reg. 30, 252 (June 30, 1983), codified at 36 C.F.R. § 2.4(a)(2) and 49 Fed. Reg. 18,444 (April 30, 1984), codified at 50 C.F.R. § 27.42(e).[]
  11. 73 Fed. Reg. 74,966, 74,972 (Dec. 10, 2008), amending 36 C.F.R. § 2.4, 50 C.F.R. § 27.42.[]
  12. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306.[]
  13. Cal. Penal Code §§ 171.5, 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[]
  14. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850.[]
  15. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  16. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  17. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  18. D.C. Code § 22-4504.01.[]
  19. Fla. Stat. Ann. §§ 790.053, 790.06(12)(a)(14).[]
  20. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053(1).[]
  21. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-130.2.[]
  22. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-9.1(13).[]
  23. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(19).[]
  24. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  25. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 259.80f(1)(a).[]
  26. Mont. Code Ann. § 45-8-356.[]
  27. Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 202.3673.[]
  28. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6.[]
  29. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(n).[]
  30. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01(1).[]
  31. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370(1)(b). A person may possesses a firearm in the passenger terminal of a commercial service airport if the firearm is unloaded and in a locked hard-sided container for the purposes of transporting the firearm as checked baggage in accordance with federal law. Id. at (3)(k).[]
  32. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370(3)(g). Prohibited only within the passenger terminal of a commercial service airport with over one million passengers per boardings per year.[]
  33. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-287.01.[]
  34. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(a)(4). This prohibition includes the District Attorney office building.[]
  35. Ark. Code Ann. §§ 5-73-122 (a)(3)(D);Ark. Code. Ann. §5-73-306 (contains exceptions for those who are employed by the county, are a countywide elected official, or a justice of the peace.).[]
  36. Alaska Stat. § 11.61.220(a)(4)(B).[]
  37. Cal. Penal Code §§ 171b, 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[]
  38. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850.[]
  39. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  40. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  41. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  42. D.C. Code § 22-4504.01.[]
  43. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12).[]
  44. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  45. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-127(b).[]
  46. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. 134-9.1(1).[]
  47. Idaho Code Ann. § 18-3302C.[]
  48. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 66/65.[]
  49. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  50. Kan. Stat. Ann. § 21-6309(a)(5).[]
  51. Id. at (d)(4).[]
  52. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.110(16).[]
  53. Id. (“Any courthouse, solely occupied by the Court of Justice courtroom or court proceeding.”).[]
  54. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N).[]
  55. Me. Rev. Stat., tit. 17-A, § 1058(1), (2).[]
  56. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 750.234d(1)(c), (2)(c).[]
  57. Minn. Stat. § 609.66, subd. 1g(a).[]
  58. Miss. Code Ann. §§ 45-9-101(13), 97-37-7(2).[]
  59. Enhanced CCW permittees can carry in courthouses during proceedings. Judges may also carry and determine who else may do so in their courtroom. Id.[]
  60. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(4).[]
  61. Mont. Code Ann. § 45-8-356.[]
  62. N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 159:19(I).[]
  63. N.J. Stat. § 2C:58-4.6.[]
  64. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 29-19-11.[]
  65. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-1202.01.[]
  66. Nev. Admin. Code § 202.020(1)(3).[]
  67. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(a).[]
  68. N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 14-415.11(c)(2), § 14-269.4.[]
  69. Ohio Rev. Code §§ 2923.123; 2923.126(B)(3).[]
  70. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(A)(2).[]
  71. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370(2), (3)(g).[]
  72. 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. § 913.[]
  73. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M).[]
  74. Long guns are not included within the definition of “concealable weapon” under S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-210 (“Firearm[s] having a length of less than twelve inches measured along its greatest dimension that may be carried openly on one’s person or in a manner hidden from public view in normal wear of clothing except when needed for self defense, defense of others, and the protection of real or personal property.”).[]
  75. 2021 S.C. H.B. 3094.[]
  76. S.D. Codified Laws § 22-14-23.[]
  77. Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-17-1306(a).[]
  78. Tex. Penal Code § 46.03 (a)(3).[]
  79. Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 13, § 4016(b).[]
  80. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-283.1.[]
  81. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.300(1)(b).[]
  82. W. Va. Code § 61-7-11a(g)(1).[]
  83. Wis. Stat. § 175.60(16)(a)(6)-(7).[]
  84. Wyo. Stat. § 6-5-209.[]
  85. Cal. Penal Code § 171b (a)(1).[]
  86. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  87. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  88. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  89. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(1).[]
  90. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(3), (5), (18).[]
  91. Kan. Stat. Ann. § 75-7c20(a), (b), (m).[]
  92. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-111(d).[]
  93. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  94. Nev. Admin. Code § 202.020(1)(6).[]
  95. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(a).[]
  96. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-05(1).[]
  97. Ohio Rev. Code § 2923.126(B)(7). Does not apply to a building that is used primarily as a shelter, restroom, parking facility, or rest facility.[]
  98. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(A)(1).[]
  99. Or. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 166.370 (1), (3)(d); § 166.360[]
  100. S.C. Code Ann. § 16-23-420(A).[]
  101. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-283.2.[]
  102. Wis. Stat. § 941.235(1).[]
  103. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(a)(1).[]
  104. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306.[]
  105. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  106. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  107. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  108. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12)(2).[]
  109. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  110. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(1) and (3).[]
  111. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  112. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.110(16).[]
  113. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N)(1).[]
  114. Miss. Code. Ann. §97-37-7(2).[]
  115. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(1).[]
  116. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-415.11(c).[]
  117. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(1)(a).[]
  118. Nev. Admin. Code § 202.020(1)(1).[]
  119. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(a).[]
  120. Ohio Rev. Code § 2923.126(B)(1).[]
  121. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M).[]
  122. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.300(1)(a).[]
  123. Wis. Stat. § 175.60(16)(a)(1).[]
  124. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t)(i).[]
  125. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2.[]
  126. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306.[]
  127. Cal. Penal Code § 171b (a)(1), (b)(3).[]
  128. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  129. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  130. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12).[]
  131. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  132. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(1).[]
  133. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  134. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.110(16)(d).[]
  135. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(5).[]
  136. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(1)(a).[]
  137. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(a).[]
  138. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M).[]
  139. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(14); 46.035(c). (While Penal Code Section 46.15(b)exempts CCW license holders from the general restriction, Section 46.035(c) makes it unlawful for a license holder to carry a handgun in the room where an open government meeting is held if specified notices are provided).[]
  140. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t)(iv).[]
  141. Cal. Penal Code § 171c(a).[]
  142. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  143. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  144. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12).[]
  145. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  146. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(1).[]
  147. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  148. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.110(16)(d).[]
  149. Miss. Code Ann. §§ 45-9-101(13); 97-37-7(2).[]
  150. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(5).[]
  151. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(1)(a).[]
  152. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(a).[]
  153. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(14); 46.035(c). (While Penal Code Section 46.15(b)exempts CCW license holders from the general restriction, Section 46.035(c) makes it unlawful for a license holder to carry a handgun in the room where an open government meeting is held if specified notices are provided).[]
  154. 2021 WA SB 5038.[]
  155. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t).[]
  156. Cal. Penal Code § 171.7.[]
  157. Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-9-118.[]
  158. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  159. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(6).[]
  160. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  161. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  162. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(13).[]
  163. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  164. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(n).[]
  165. 2011 Alabama OHJR 9.[]
  166. Ark. Code Ann. §§ 5-73-122 (a)(1), 5-73-322(h).[]
  167. Cal. Penal Code § 171c.[]
  168. Colo. Rev. Stat. § 18-12-105.[]
  169. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 2-1e(c).[]
  170. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(1), (10).[]
  171. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  172. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  173. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(1).[]
  174. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  175. Iowa Code § 8A.322(3).[]
  176. Minn. Stat. § 609.66, subd. 1g(a).[]
  177. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N).[]
  178. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(13).[]
  179. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.030(8).[]
  180. Mont. Code Ann. § 45-8-328.[]
  181. N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 14-415.11(c), 14-269.4.[]
  182. Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 218A.905(8).[]
  183. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(a).[]
  184. Or. Rev. Stat. §§ 166.370(1); 166.262(1).[]
  185. S.C. Code Ann. § 10-11-320.[]
  186. S.D. Codified Laws §§ 22-14-23, 22-14-24(5).[]
  187. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-283.2.[]
  188. 2021 WA SB 5038.[]
  189. W. Va. Code § 61-6-19(b).[]
  190. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  191. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  192. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  193. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  194. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(9).[]
  195. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  196. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(d).[]
  197. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(E). This applies to parks that are managed by public trust or a nonprofit entity.[]
  198. 11-47-51. Limited.[]
  199. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 14, § 4313. Hunting is exempt. Unloaded weapons stored in temporary lodging or conveyance are exempt when stored in a manner that will prevent their ready use.[]
  200. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  201. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  202. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  203. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(1).[]
  204. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  205. Me. Stat., 17-A § 1057.[]
  206. Minn. Stat. § 97A.091, subd.1(1). Does not apply to unloaded firearms that are broken down or stored in a case. When allowed by the commissioner, firearms used for hunting are exempt from this prohibition.[]
  207. N.M. Code R. § 19.5.2.21. Exceptions to the general prohibition include: Licensed hunters during hunting season in designated areas and firearms carried in a private means of conveyance for lawful protection.[]
  208. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(d).[]
  209. 17 Pa. Code § 11.215(4).[]
  210. 11-47-51. Limited.[]
  211. Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-17-1311[]
  212. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-287.4[]
  213. Ala. Code § 9-11-304.[]
  214. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  215. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  216. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  217. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  218. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  219. Minn. Stat. § 97A.091, subd.1(1). Does not apply to unloaded firearms that are broken down or stored in a case. When allowed by the commissioner, firearms used for hunting are exempt from this prohibition.[]
  220. Mont. Code Ann. § 87-5-401.[]
  221. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 37-708(b), 37-712. Those traveling through on the highway or in trains are exempt. Those with special hunting permits are exempt.[]
  222. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 17-2-12.[]
  223. N.D. Cent. Code § 20.1-11-13(3).[]
  224. Tenn. Code Ann. § 70-4-117(a).[]
  225. Vt. Stat. Ann. tit. 10, § 5204, 5226(c).[]
  226. Wis. Stat. § 29.089(2), 29.091.[]
  227. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[]
  228. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  229. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  230. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  231. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(12).[]
  232. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  233. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 750.234d(1).[]
  234. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(a).[]
  235. Alaska Stat. § 11.61.220(a)(2).[]
  236. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306(11). Arkansas also bans weapons in establishments that sell alcohol for consumption off premises Ark. Code Ann. § 3-4-403(21).[]
  237. Ariz. Rev. Stat. §§ 4-229(A), 4-244(29)-(30).[]
  238. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[]
  239. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  240. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(7).[]
  241. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  242. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12)(a)(12).[]
  243. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  244. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(4).[]
  245. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  246. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-111(e).[]
  247. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 244.125(1). This restriction does not apply in restaurants that seat at least 50 and earn at least 50% of their income from food.[]
  248. La. Rev. Stat. § 14:95.5. CCW permittees may only carry in restaurants with a class A restaurant permit.[]
  249. Me. Stat., 17-A § 1057(1).[]
  250. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 28.425o(1), 750.234d.[]
  251. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(13). This prohibition applies to areas within an establishment which are primarily devoted to the service of alcohol.[]
  252. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(7). Concealed carry permit holders are exempt from this prohibition in restaurants that can seat at least 50, and earn at least 51% of their income from food.[]
  253. Mont. Code Ann. § 45-8-328[]
  254. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  255. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 30-7-3(A).[]
  256. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(0).[]
  257. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441.[]
  258. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-269.3.[]
  259. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-04.[]
  260. Ohio Rev. Code §§ 2923.121(B)(1)(e), 2923.126(B)(4).[]
  261. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21, § 1272.1; 2021 OK HB 646. Oklahoma amended its law in 2021, effective November 1, 2021, to repeal provisions that previously generally restricted people without valid handgun licenses from carrying firearms in any establishment where alcoholic beverages are consumed. The law passed in 2021 affirmatively states that it is lawful for a person to carry or possess firearms, whether openly or concealed, in any restaurant or other establishment licensed to dispense alcoholic beverages where the sale of alcoholic beverages does not constitute the primary purpose of the business, although the law also states that it shall not be interpreted to authorize any person in actual physical possession of a weapon to consume alcoholic beverages in such an establishment.

    The new law prohibits people from carrying or possessing a firearm in any establishment where the sale of alcoholic beverages constitutes the primary purpose of the business, unless they are the owner or proprietor of the establishment or are an employee who has permission from the owner or proprietor to carry or possess a weapon in the scope and course of their employment.[]
  262. S.C. Code Ann. §§ 16-23-465; 23-31-210 (defining “concealable firearm” as one that may be carried openly).[]
  263. S.D. Codified Laws § 23-7-70. This prohibition includes establishments where alcohol is sold for consumption off the premises.[]
  264. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(7); 46.035(b)(1). Texas law generally prohibits people from carrying firearms of any type on the premises of a bar or restaurant that has a liquor license, if the business makes at least 51% of its income from the sale or service of alcoholic beverages for on-premises consumption. Texas generally prohibits open carry of handguns in public spaces as well, unless the handgun is carried in a holster; open carry of long guns is generally permitted, subject to the restriction on firearms in liquor establishments that derive at least 51% of their income from on-beverage alcohol consumption.[]
  265. Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-308.012[]
  266. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.300(1).[]
  267. Wis. Stat. § 941.237(2).[]
  268. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t)(vii).The prohibition applies to areas of establishments primarily devoted to dispensing alcohol.[]
  269. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306(15).[]
  270. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  271. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  272. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(b).[]
  273. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  274. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  275. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-127(b)(4).[]
  276. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  277. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N)(8).[]
  278. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 28.425o(1)(e), 750.234d(1).[]
  279. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(13).[]
  280. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(14). Firearms stored in vehicles are exempt.[]
  281. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-05(1), (2)(l). The primary religious leader or governing body of a place of worship may approve an individual or group of individuals to carry firearms “through a policy or any other means,” if such individuals have a CCW permit or are otherwise eligible to carry handguns under North Dakota’s permitless carry law.[]
  282. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441(a), (c). The governing body can only grant permission to carry firearms to security personnel who have concealed carry licenses. If the place of worship allows armed security, they must provide written notice to the congregation.[]
  283. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(c).[]
  284. Ohio Rev. Code § 2923.126(B)(6).[]
  285. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M); S.C. Code Ann. § 16-23-20(12).[]
  286. Utah Code Ann. §§ 76-10-530, 53-5-710.[]
  287. While Va. Code Ann. § 18.2-283 prohibits firearms in houses of worship absent a “good and sufficient reason,” a controlling opinion of the attorney general states that carrying a weapon for personal protection constitutes a good and sufficient reason 2011 Va. AG LEXIS 23.[]
  288. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-3102(A)(11).[]
  289. Cal. Elec. Code § 18544(a).[]
  290. Colo. Rev. Stat. § 1-13-724.[]
  291. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  292. Del. Code. Ann. tit. 15, , § 1457A[]
  293. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(5).[]
  294. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  295. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(12)(6).[]
  296. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  297. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-127(b)(7).[]
  298. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(11).[]
  299. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10). However, the Firearm Concealed Carry Act, adopted in 2013, provides that an individual with a license to carry a concealed firearm may carry a loaded or unloaded concealed firearm, fully concealed or partially concealed, on or about his or her person. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/10(c)(1).[]
  300. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N)(4); § 18:1461.7(c)(3).[]
  301. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-111(d).[]
  302. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(2).[]
  303. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441.[]
  304. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  305. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(q).[]
  306. Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 3505.21.[]
  307. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M)(3).[]
  308. Tex. Penal Code § 46.03(a)(2).[]
  309. Va. Code Ann. §§ 24.2-604(a); 24.2-671; 24.2-802.1.[]
  310. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.284.[]
  311. Alaska Stat. § 11.61.220(a)(4)(A). Firearms enclosed in the trunk of or in a closed container contained within a motor vehicle are exempt if the person in possession of the firearm(s) is 21 or over.[]
  312. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  313. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  314. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(a)(2).[]
  315. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  316. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  317. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(8).[]
  318. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  319. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.110(16).[]
  320. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 28.425o(1), 750.234d(1). []
  321. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(11). Operators of childcare facilities in a family home are exempt.[]
  322. Nev. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 202.3673, 202.265. The owners of childcare facilities are exempt if they reside in the home and follow all applicable firearms laws.[]
  323. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  324. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(e).[]
  325. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M)(6).[]
  326. S.C. Code Ann. §§ 16-23-20, 23-31-217.[]
  327. Va. CodeAnn. § 18.2-308.1 .[]
  328. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  329. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  330. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  331. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  332. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(8).[]
  333. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(10).[]
  334. 465 Ind. Admin. Code 2-9-80(b)(3), 2-10-79(b)(3) , 2-11-80(b)(3), 2-12-78(b)(3), 2-13-77(b)(3).[]
  335. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. § 28.425o(1)(b).[]
  336. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(e).[]
  337. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  338. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  339. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  340. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  341. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(2).[]
  342. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(7).[]
  343. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 28.425o(1), 750.234d(1) .[]
  344. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1 (17). Firearms are allowed in vehicles on premises.[]
  345. 2021 HB 102, amending Title 45, Chapter 8, Part 3.[]
  346. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441.[]
  347. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  348. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(e).[]
  349. Or. Rev. Stat. § 166.370.[]
  350. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M).[]
  351. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(11); 46.035(b)(4).[]
  352. 13 V.S.A. § 4023 (added by 2022 VT SB 4).[]
  353. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(3).[]
  354. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  355. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  356. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  357. Fla. Stat. § 394.458.[]
  358. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  359. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-127(b)(5).[]
  360. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(2).[]
  361. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(7).[]
  362. Minn. Stat. § 243.55, subd. 1.[]
  363. Miss. Code Ann. § 41-19-261(c).[]
  364. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  365. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(i); N.Y. Comp. Codes R. & Regs. tit. 14, §§ 542.5.[]
  366. Ohio Rev. Code § 2923.126(B)(1).[]
  367. Utah Code Ann. § 76-8-311.3(4)(d).[]
  368. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(1), (a)(12); 46.035(b)(4), (b)(6).[]
  369. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. §§ 9.41.300(1)(c), 72.23.300.[]
  370. Wis. Stat. § 175.60(16)(5).[]
  371. Wyo. Stat. § 6-5-209.[]
  372. Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund and the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project, “Armed Assembly: Guns, Demonstrations, and Political Violence in America,” Aug. 23, 2021, https://everytownresearch.org/report/armed-assembly-guns-demonstrations-and-political-violence-in-america/.[]
  373. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  374. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  375. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  376. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  377. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(14).[]
  378. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(20).[]
  379. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-111(e).[]
  380. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(13). Firearms are allowed if secured in a vehicle.[]
  381. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(p).[]
  382. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(13); 46.035(b)(5).[]
  383. Ala. Code § 13A-11-61.2(a)(5),(6).[]
  384. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306.[]
  385. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  386. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  387. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07(8).[]
  388. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  389. Fla. Stat. § 790.06(9).[]
  390. Fla. Stat. § 790.053(1).[]
  391. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(5).[]
  392. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(8), A more specific prohibition on carrying firearms in stadiums and at athletic events applies to concealed carry permittees: 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65 (a)(17).[]
  393. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-111(e).[]
  394. Mich. Comp. Laws Serv. §§ 750.234d(1), 28.425o(1)(c). The section restricting concealed carry prohibits only concealed handguns. An additional restriction in this section prohibits concealed handguns at ‘entertainment facilities’ with a capacity of at least 2,500.[]
  395. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(13).[]
  396. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(16). Firearms stored in vehicles are exempt.[]
  397. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441.[]
  398. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  399. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(p).[]
  400. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(A)(4).[]
  401. S.C. Code Ann. § 23-31-215(M)(5).[]
  402. See our page on Guns in Schools for more information.[]
  403. Tex. Penal Code §§ 46.03(a)(8); 46.035(b)(2).[]
  404. Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(t).[]
  405. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26230(a), 26400(a).[]
  406. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  407. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504.[]
  408. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  409. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. 66/65(a)(16).[]
  410. 68 Ind. Admin. Code 1-7-1.[]
  411. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-111(e).[]
  412. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.107.1(12). Guns stored in vehicles are exempt.[]
  413. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  414. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-e(2)(p).[]
  415. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-04.[]
  416. Okla. Stat. Ann. tit. 21 § 1277(A).[]
  417. Ala. Code § 13A-11-59.[]
  418. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306 (17).[]
  419. Cal. Penal Code §§ 26350, 25850, 26400(a).[]
  420. Conn. Gen. Stat. § 29-35.[]
  421. D.C. Code Ann. § 7-2509.07 (a) (14).[]
  422. D.C. Code Ann. § 22-4504(a).[]
  423. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.053.[]
  424. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(15).[]
  425. 720 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/24-1(a)(8).[]
  426. La. Rev. Stat. § 40:1379.3(N).[]
  427. Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 4-208.[]
  428. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-101(13).[]
  429. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 69-2441.[]
  430. 2022 AB 4769.[]
  431. N.Y. Penal Law §§ 265.01-e(2)(r), 265.01-e(2)(s).[]
  432. N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-277.2.[]
  433. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 9.41.300 as amended by 2021 WA SB 5038.[]
  434. Wash. Rev. Code Ann. § 70.108.150.[]
  435. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-A(15).[]
  436. N.J. Stat. Ann. § C.2C:58-4.6(24).[]
  437. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-d(1[]
  438. Haw. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 134-E.[]
  439. N.Y. Penal Law § 265.01-d; Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 6-411(d).[]
  440. See, Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 69-2441(2).[]
  441. Ala. Code § 13A-11-90(b).[]
  442. Alaska Stat. § 18.65.800(a).[]
  443. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-781(A).[]
  444. Ark. Code Ann. § 5-73-306(18)(B); 11-5-117.[]
  445. Fla. Stat. Ann. § 790.251(4)(a).[]
  446. Ga. Code Ann. § 16-11-135(b).[]
  447. 430 Ill. Comp. Stat. Ann. 66/65(a-10), (b).[]
  448. Ind. Code Ann. § 35-47-2-1(d)(2).[]
  449. Kan. Stat. Ann. § 75-7c10(b)(1).[]
  450. Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 237.106(1).[]
  451. La. Rev. Stat. §§ 32:292.1(A), (B), (C). If possession of a firearm on the property is otherwise prohibited by state or federal law, then firearms are still prohibited in parking lots. Private parking lots can restrict gun in cars if they restrict general access to the parking lot and provide other alternatives for firearm storage or parking.[]
  452. Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 26, § 600(1).[]
  453. Minn. Stat. §§ 624.714, subd. 17(c), (d).[]
  454. Miss. Code Ann. § 45-9-55(1), (2).[]
  455. Mo. Rev. Stat. § 571.030(6).[]
  456. Neb. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 69-2441(3). Does not apply in parking areas for zones where carrying a gun is federally prohibited.[]
  457. N.C. Gen. Stat. §§ 14-269.2(k), 14-269.4(6).[]
  458. N.D. Cent. Code § 62.1-02-13(1)(a).[]
  459. Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §§ 2923.1210(A).[]
  460. Okla. Stat. tit. 21, §§ 1290.22(B), 1277(B).[]
  461. Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-17-1313, 50-1-312(b).[]
  462. Tex. Lab. Code § 52.061. See also, Tex. Educ. Code § 37.0815.[]
  463. Utah Code Ann. § 34-45-103. Firearms can be prohibited in parking areas if the proprietor provides gun storage or an alternative parking location within a reasonable distance.[]
  464. Va. Code Ann. § 15.2-915(A).[]
  465. W. Va. Code §§ 8-12-5a(c)(3), 61-7-14(d).[]
  466. Wis. Stat. § 943.13(1m)(c).[]
  467. Ark. Code Ann. § 16-131-104.[]
  468. Idaho Code § 5-341.[]
  469. Kan. Stat. Ann. § 75-7c10(c).[]
  470. Okla. Stat. tit. 21, § 1290.22(F).[]
  471. Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-17-1325.[]
  472. Tex. Lab. Code § 52.063.[]